General Chemistry

Chemical equilibrium: pH, weak acids, precipitation, solubility product, complexes, hydoxides vs. pH, combining equilibria. Numerical approaches to solving chemical equilibrium problems.

Heterogeneous equilibria: Gases, gas laws, partial pressures, gas solubility, standard states, activities.

Thermochemistry: Enthalpy, heat capacity, Hess law, state functions, reaction enthalpy, standards state. 1. law.

Spontaneity: Entropy for system and universe, Gibbs energy, 2.- and 3. law, predicting the equilibrium constant, van't Hoff, Clausius-Clapeyron.

Electrochemistry: Description and function of galvanic cells, concentrations cells, Nernst's equation from Gibbs, inert electrodes, electrolysis, combination of electrochemical reactions with other reaction, thermodynamic data, and chemical equilibrium from electrode potential.

Applied electrochemistry: Corrosion, galvanic corrosion, calculation of passivity, effects of complexes, Pourbaix diagram.

Organic chemistry: Hydrocarbons (alifation, olefinic, aromatic), halides, O- and N- compounds, properties of main polymers, addition-. and condensation polymers, termopolymers and termosets, crosslinking.

Inorganic chemistry: Basic descriptive inorganic chemistry, periodic table vs. properties, electrochemistry, covalent, ionic and metallic bonds, molecules vs. network structures, solubility, polar and nonpolar solvents.

After ended course the students should:

• Describe important chemical reactions with balanced chemical equations, and interpret such equations.
• Describe important elements and inorganic compounds, with special emphasis on compounds related to central environmental concerns.
• Explain chemical composition, structure, and properties for different thermoplastics and thermosetting polymers
• Describe bonding in and between molecules, and discuss properties originating from these.
• Determine concentrations with help of thermodynamic equilibrium constants and thermodynamic data. Interpret the results.
• Use thermodynamic relations and -data to assess chemical equilibrium at different concentrations and temperatures
• Compute and interpret phase-diagrams for water with solvated gasses or other compounds.
• Explain fundamental electrochemical cells, determine voltage and effect, as well as explain fundamental applications.
• Explain and determine passive and immune metals, as well as corrosion in iron.
• Understand the logical connection between different topics in chemistry, especially related to equilibrium chemistry, chemical thermodynamics, and corrosion.
• Understand and explain chemistry relevant to concrete and building materials.

Lectures and exercises. Three out of the first five exercises, and five out of the last six exercises must be approved to get access to the final exam in the course.