Energy Storage 1

Basic chemical principles and technologies, and the application thereof. Use of the periodic table and the significance of each element's location. Oxidation numbers and names of organic and inorganic compounds. Molarity, solutions and electrolytes. Stoichiometric calculations. Ideal and real gases and the gas constants. Various chemical reactions, chemical equilibrium, and acids, bases and buffers. Electrochemical principles, including galvanic series, reversible and standard potentials, electrochemical reactions and cell arrays. Galvanic cells and spontaneous electrochemical reactions. Electrolysis, fuel cells and batteries, as well as basic principles of corrosion. E-fuels. Efficicny and causes of these; ohmic, Butler-Volmer and forms of it, diffusionoverpotetnials and mass transport.

Knowledge: - The candidate can explain what an atom is and how atoms bind together to molecules, salts, and other substances. - The student has knowledge of the periodic table and its division into periods, groups and blocks with associated orbital filling, and knows about oxidation numbers. - The student has knowledge of electronegativity and types of chemical bonds. - The student has knowledge of chemical solutions and electrolytes. - The student has knowledge of ideal gases, partial pressures and volume calculations, as well as the gas constant. - The student can account for different types of reactions and explain equilibriums and the equilibrium constant. - The student can define pH and is familiar with acid/base solutions. - The student knows the difference between a galvanic cell and an electrolytic cell and is familiar with the galvanic series. - The student can model electrochemical cells and derive and explain different sources of losses.

Skills: - The student can convert between equivalent units, such as volts and kWh/kg. - The student can determine the oxidation number for different chemical compounds. - The student knows the difference between a strong and a weak electrolyte and can calculate molarity and the necessary amounts of substances. - The student can set up and balance an equation for a chemical reaction. - The student can set up expressions of equilibrium constants and perform and apply equilibrium calculations. - The student can calculate the pH for different solutions, and make a diluted acid solution. - The student can apply the galvanic series and set up standard cell potential for given electrochemical reactions. - The student knows the difference between the reversible and the standard cell voltage and can calculate the cell potential for a cell through which a current flows. - The student has knowledge of electrochemical systems and processes and can recognize and explain the most important battery and fuel cell technologies on the market. - The student masters principles of corrosion and basic kinetics thereof..

General competence - The student can evaluate different forms of energy forms and their applications against each other. - The student is aware of which technologies dominates the field of electrochemistry, and can assess what kind of needs the individual technologies cover.

Lectures, compulsory calculation exercises and demonatrations. 9 out of 12 calculation exercises must be approved before the student can take the exam. The lectures will be held in Trondheim and streamed or filmed and published consecutively after each lecture.

This is a dual language course, in the sense that parts of the written curriculum is provided in Norwegian and other parts in English, lecture slides are in Norwegian and lecture is spoken in English, tutorials are written in Norwegian, but can be answered in either Norwegian and English, and the exam questions are provided in Norwegian accompanied by an English translation.